Gukomeza ijwi si ugutuma ijwi rivuga cane - ni ugufata, gutunganya, no gutanga ijwi mu buryo butomoye, buringaniye, n'ubwenge mu bibanza bikomeye. Mu bibanza kuva ku nzu z'indirimbo n'ibibuga vy'imikino gushika ku bibanza vy'inyigisho n'amashure yisumbuye, ubuhinga bwo gukomeza ijwi buratuma ijwi ryose, ikimenyetso canke umuziki wumvikana neza neza nk'uko vyategekanijwe, yaba ari umuvugizi w'ingenzi mu kibanza c'inama canke umuvugizi mu kibuga c'imikino.
Mu ntumbero yayo, ubuhinga bwo gukomeza ijwi bw’umwuga burakorakoranya amajwi ava mu bibanza nk’amamikro, bukavanga kandi bugakora ibimenyetso biciye ku bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’amajwi, hanyuma bukabitanga biciye ku bikoresho vy’amajwi vyatoranijwe neza kugira ngo bipfuke neza aho umuntu yumviriza.
Gutahura ivy'ishimikiro vyo gukomeza ijwi ry'umwuga
Ni igiki gituma ijwi rigira "umwuga"?
Ijwi rigizwe n’incuro, ijwi rirenga, n’ijwi - bigena ivyo twumva n’ingene tubisigura mu kibanza. Uburyo bw'umwuga burasuzuma:
● Urugero rw'umuvuduko w'ijwi (SPL)- ingene ijwi rirenga kandi rigenda kure ataco rihinduye.
● Ugutahura- ingene umuvugizi ahindura neza ububasha bukaba ijwi.
● Inyishu y'incuro- urutonde rw'amajwi yasubiwemwo neza kuva ku rwego rwo hasi gushika ku rwego rwo hejuru.
● Ikimenyetso-ku-Igipimo c'urusaku- ibiharuro vyinshi bisigura isuku, igisohoka gitomoye n'ugusemerera guke canke uguhungabana.
Ivyuma bivanga ijwi, ivyuma bikomeza ijwi, imikoro be n’ivyuma bivuga ijwi birakorana kugira ngo bigumye ivyo vyiyumviro kugira ngo abumviriza bumve ijwi mu buryo busanzwe, ata kuraba ijwi ry’aho hantu canke urusaku ruri inyuma.
VNETPA - IP y'umwuga-Ijwi rishingiye ku bikenewe muri iki gihe
Yashinzwe mu mwaka w’2013,Ishirahamwe ry'ubuhinga bwa none rya Xiamen Vnetpayacitse uwutanga .IP y'ubwenge inyishu z'amajwiigenewe ijambo ry’abantu bose, guhanahana amakuru n’uguhanahana amakuru mu bumwe kw’isi yose.
Mu buryo butandukanye n’uburyo bwa kera bwa PA, ibintu vya VNETPA birakiraurubuga-ubuhinga bushingiye ku buhingank’ingingo ngenderwako za SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) n’ingingo mfatirwako za VoIP, zituma umuntu ashobora gukorana neza n’amaserveri ya SIP yo muri iki gihe, ubuhinga bwa VoIP PBX, n’imirongo y’amashirahamwe.
Ivyiciro vy'ibicuruzwa vya VNETPA
Aha niho hari ifoto y'ibikoresho nyamukuru vya VNETPA, bihuye n'ivyo abahinga bakeneye mu gukomeza ijwi:
● Abavugishwa n'inkingi za IP– Igenewe amazu, amabarabara, n’ahantu hanze. Ivyo bitanga ugushwiragira kw’ijwi guhagaze gutomoye n’amahitamwo nk’amajwi y’inkingi 20 W n’ibigereranyo vy’inkingi zo hanze 60 W, vyiza cane ku bijanye n’ugupfuka ahantu henshi.
● Abavuga Ihembe rya SIP– Ikora neza ku bijanye n’ugukora amapaje yo hanze y’inganda, imburi, n’amatangazo y’ivyihutirwa afise ibiranga SPL vyinshi.
● VoIP mu gisenge no mu ruhome– Ivyuma bikomeye ariko bikomeye bihuye n’ibidukikije vy’inyigisho, ubudandaji canke vya bose. Ikoreshwa kuri Ethernet (PoE) igabanya ubugoyagoye bwo gukoresha amabarabara mu gihe ishobora gutuma urubuga rwa SIP rujanye n’ibindi.
● SIP Guhindura Urupapuro &Ibikomera IP– Ivyo bikora nk’ibiraro hagati y’inkomoko z’amajwi y’analogi n’imirongo y’uruja n’uruza, bikazana ibikoresho vya kera mu rwego rw’ibidukikije rwa IP.
● Abakozi ba PA n'abagenzuzi– Ivyuma vyo hagati bifatanya amajwi atangazwa, bicungera uturere, bigenzura ubuhinga bwo gutangaza amakuru mu bigo vy’amashure canke mu nyubakwa z’amashirahamwe.
Mu kwemera ingingo ngenderwako za SIP n'urubuga, ibintu vya VNETPA bituma gushiramwo bigororoka, bishobora gukoreshwa, kandi bishobora gukoreshwa neza ugereranyije n'uburyo bwa kera bukomeye-bufise amashanyarazi. Inyishu zabo zirabereye amahinguriro, amashure, amaparike, amahoteli, n’ibibanza vya bose vy’ubwenge.
Kwiyumvira ukuntu isi nyakuri-ikoreshwa
Ibaze ikigo c’ubwenge aho:
● Abavuga ivy’imbere mu gisenge barakwiragiza amatangazo y’inyigisho be n’amakuru y’ivyihutirwa.
● Ivyuma bivuga mu nkingi birapfuka ibibanza vy’imikino be n’aho abantu bagenda hanze.
● Ivyuma bivuga amahembe biratanga ubutumwa butomoye mu bice vy’inganda bifise urusaku.
Igikoresho cose gifatanya ku rubuga rw’aho hantu hakoreshejwe amasezerano ya SIP, bisobanura ko amajwi ashobora gucungirwa hagati, agashirwa imbere, mbere akaja hamwe n’amasanamu y’amasanamu canke ubuhinga bwo gucungera umutekano - vyose mu gihe bituma amajwi ashobora gufatwa neza kandi agatahurwa neza.
Igituma ugukomeza ijwi ryo muri iki gihe bihambaye
Ubuhinga bw'amajwi bw'umwuga burafasha mu mutekano, umusaruro, n'ikirere:
● Gusobanukamu bibanza bininibinini birabuza amatangazo gutakazwa mu bibuga vy’imikino no mu bibanza vy’amateraniro.
● Ugushikiramu mashure bituma umunyeshure wese yumva umwigisha.
● Ijambo ry'abantu bose ryihutirwaitanga imburi zihurikiyeko mu turere twose, igatuma umutekano urushiriza kuba mwiza.
● Uburyo bwo gukorabisigura ko ibintu vy’umuziki n’ivy’imico kama bivuga nk’uko vyategekanijwe.
Na IP-imiti y'uruja n'uruza iva kuri VNETPA, ubu bushobozi burakura kuva ku mitunganyirize yoroshe y'ubudandaji gushika ku mitunganyirize y'ikigo - - vyose mu gihe bigumya uburyo bushobora guhinduka kugira ngo buzokwaguke muri kazoza.
Iciyumviro
Ivyuma vy’ugukomeza ijwi vy’umwuga bikorana n’ubuhinga, amajwi, n’ubumenyi bw’abakoresha - n’ubuhinga bwo muri iki gihe bushingiye kuri IP- nk’ubwo buva kuri VNETPA butuma ivyo bigira ubwenge, bihinduka, kandi biteguye urubuga- kuruta uko vyari bimeze. Mu gufatanya ingingo ngenderwako z’amajwi y’inganda n’ibikoresho vy’ubu bihuye na SIP-, ubuhinga bw’amajwi bwo muri iki gihe buratuma ubutumwa bwose, amajambo yose, n’imburi bishikira ababumviriza mu buryo butomoye kandi bwizewe.
Niba uriko urategura umugambi wo gukomeza ijwi -yaba uw'uburezi, ahantu hose, canke ibidukikije vy'inganda- gukoresha ubuhinga bw'amajwi bwa PA na SIP bwiteguye buzotuma kazoza-kwerekana ishoramari ryawe kandi bushire hejuru overall ubumenyi bwo kwumviriza.